1. What is EWS Certificate?
Initially, the framers of the Constitution of India made provisions in the Constitution for the reservation of the Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes only in Government services and educational institutions. The term Other Backward Classes(OBCs) is not defined in the Constitution. Article 340 of the Constitution provides for the appointment of a commission to investigate the condition of the backward classes. Accordingly, the National Commission for Backward Classes Act was passed by the Parliament in the year 1992 establishing the National Commission for Backward Classes. However, the plight of the relatively weaker persons belonging to the socially and educationally well-established communities was under consideration of the Government for quite a long time. Finally, the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions, Department of Personnel and Training, Govt. of India came up with O.M. No. 30639/1/2019-Estt(Res) Dtd.31.01.2019 providing 10% reservation to Economically Weaker Sections(EWS) who are not covered under the reservation scheme for STs/SCs/OBCs in respect of direct recruitment in civil posts and services in Central Government. The certificate issued to the candidates/applicants under this category is popularly known as the EWS certificate, but it is actually called as Income & Asset Certificate. So the full form of EWS is Economically Weaker Sections. The Government of Odisha implemented this reservation in the year 2019 itself both for the Central and State Government posts and educational institutions.
The Government of India has prescribed the following criteria for EWS.
2. EWS Eligibility Criteria :
- The applicant should not be covered under any reserved category. In other words, he/she should not belong to ST/SC/OBC category.
- Annual Income of the family should be less than Rupees Eight lakhs.
- Persons whose family owns or possesses any of the following assets shall be excluded from being identified as EWS irrespective of their family income.
- Ac.5.00dec of Agricultural land and above.
- Residential flat of 1000 Sqft and above.
- Residential plot of 100 Sq yard or 900 Sqft or above in NACs, Municipalities, and Municipal corporations, and
- Residential plot of 200 Sq. yard or 1800 Sqft and above in Rural areas.
3. How do you apply for an EWS Certificate online in Odisha?
Let's discuss the procedure for obtaining the EWS certificate. It is a fact that the Tahsildars issue the EWS certificate. To apply for this certificate online, you have to get yourself registered in the e-district portal of the Government of Odisha.We have already posted a blog post on the process as to how to register yourself in the e-district portal. So you can visit that blog and have an idea regarding how to register in the e-district portal. Now open the portal in any browser using your user ID and password. After arriving at the landing page ,you have to click on the link "Apply for services." Then it will take you to view all available services. After clicking the link, you will get the list of the services provided through the portal. Then click the link income and asset certificate at Sl.No. 8 of the list of services. The page will open now. Now follow the steps below to apply for the income and asset certificate.The first page of the application has been divided into 7 parts. The first part is category selection. When we click on that field, we will get two options : centre and state . If you want to apply for the central certificate, then select Centre and vice versa. Then fill up the personal details. Fill up your name, gender , marital status, age, father's name , mother's name and mobile number. These fields are mandatory. Then you have to fill up your Aadhaar number and email. These fields are not mandatory. However it is advisable to fill up the email ID so that the certificate ,when generated, will be delivered through your email ID and you need not visit the common service centre.
Now we have to fill up the family details.Fill up your father's & mother's name. Then it will ask if you have any siblings below the age of 18 years. Mention yes or no accordingly.Then it will ask whether you have any children below the age of 18. Fill up the same. When you click that you have your siblings,then it will ask details of the siblings,i.e. name,age , gender and relationship. If you have more than one siblings , click on the plus sign on the right side of the entry,then it will add another field. You can add the details of your second siblings and so on accordingly.
Then we have to fill up the present details. Select the district , then name of the tehsil and then a name of the village or town, the name of the RI circle will be selected automatically. If your village is not found in the drop down menu, then click on the field where it is mentioned that village not in the list and it will allow you to manually fill up the details of your village.
Then the next field is permanent address. Here if the present address is same as the permanent address, then click yes in the drop-down menu and everything will be selected automatically. If your present address is not the same as your permanent address then you have to select No in the option and then fill up the details of your permanent address.
The next step is family members or guardian details in case of minor person unable to manage his or her own affairs.In this field we have to give the data as to whether the submiter is the applicant. If you are applying for yourself then select yes. If you are applying for anybody else, then select No. In the letter case mention the name of the submitter and the relationship with the applicant.
The next step is annual income details of the preceding financial year of the family. Here fill up the details of income from salary,business,agriculture or income from profession or if there is any other source.
Next we have to fill up the assets detail and it is very important as the eligibility of getting the certificate depends on these assets. So after clicking the field we get four options: agricultural land, residential flat, residential plot in urban area and residential plot other than urban areas. So if we select agricultural land then the area in acre or hector should be selected. Then its location is to be added. In this manner all other three details like residential flat, residential plot and plot in other areas should be added by clicking the plus sign at the right hand side.
The next step is declaration. Here we mention the place that is from where we are filing the application and put tick mark on the left side of I agree. Next is additional details and it will be automatically filled up. After that enter the characters provided in the field and the application can be submitted or it will be saved as Draft.
After submitting the application, a new page will open. Here, we can check the details we have already entered or rectify any mistakes. After that, we will attach the annexures by clicking the link "attach annexure."
A new page will open. Here we can upload IT returns of last financial year, copy of Aadhar card copy etc. All the documents should be scanned properly and all these documents should be uploaded in their respective field or boxes and the process is straightforward and we need not elaborate it. After uploading all these documents click on the link "Save Annexure".After that, another page we'll open and we can check whether we have filled up all the data or not and after confirming that all the fields have been correctly filled up, we will click on the link "submit". The application will be submitted and a receipt will be generated with a reference number and that same would help us tracking the status of our application at the time of need. It is a fact that the EWS certificate will be issued within 10 days from the date of filing of application excluding the holidays.
The Government of India issued a set of FAQs vide L.No.430 11/11/2022 Dated 19 September 2022 of the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions Department of Personnel & Training. Let us discuss those FAQs.
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ON EWS CERTIFICATES
Question-1. If the land/property (more than threshold limit) is in the name of parents and there are more than one child and the property has not been distributed, then in that situation, can one of the children apply for EWS certificate?
Answer: No. Para 4.2 and 4.3 of said O.M. dated 31.01.2019 provides that the property held by a "Family" in different locations or different places/cities would be clubbed while applying the land or property holding test to determine EWS status and the term "Family" for this purpose will include the person who seeks benefit of reservation, his/her parents and siblings below the age of 18 years as also his/her spouse and children below the age of 18 years. Property beyond threshold limit tantamount to disqualification for applying to Income and Asset Certificate in respect of any of the children.
Question-2. In case agricultural land/residential flat/plot of parents is located in more than one State/District or within the same State/District, all such land/properties will be clubbed or not?
Answer: Yes. Para 4.2 of said O.M. dated 31.01.2019 provides that, the property held by a "Family" in different locations or different places/cities would be clubbed while applying the land or property holding test to determine EWS status. Person can apply for Income and Asset Certificate in the district of his permanent address.
Question-3. Does the residential flat/plot as classified under Para 4.1 of DoPT OM, dated 31.1.2019, includes both commercial and residential property?
Answer: Para 4.1 of the OM, dated 31.1.2019, speaks of residential property. However, exclusion of commercial property will result in injustice. Hence, the definition of residential flat/plot in the OM also includes the commercial property.
Question -4. Will the property of grandparents not distributed among the parents of the applicants be counted towards calculating the assets held by the parents of applicants for the purpose of Income and Asset Certificate?
Answer: No. Grandparent is not a part of a family under para 4.3 of OM dated 31.1.2019.
Question-5. If half of the residential plot, i.e. 90 square yards is in urban area (notified municipalities) and rest 90 square yards is in rural areas (other than the notified municipalities), how will the residential plot be treated?
Answer: It will be 90 square yards in urban area and remaining 90 square yards in rural area. Hence, as laid down in Para 4.1 of OM dated 31.1.2019, it is neither 100 square yards in notified municipalities nor 200 square yards in other than notified municipalities. As such, eligibility will remain for EWS certificate.
Question-6. If the construction of a residential flat/plot is on barren land, does that property come under residential flat or agricultural land?
Answer: If it is a flat, the criteria of Income & Assets applicable for residential flat of 1000 square feet and above as provided in para 4.1(ii) of the O.M. dated 31.1.2019, will apply. If it is a plot, again, the criteria of notified municipality or the area other than the notified municipality will apply as provided in Para 4.1 (iii) and (iv) of the O.M., dated 31.1.2019.
Question-7. What does residential plot mean? How is residential plot measured ?
Answer: Residential plot means a plot for the purpose of construction of residential house irrespective of the fact whether the house has been constructed or not. The entire area of the plot will be taken into account while assessing the eligibility of a candidate to get an Income & Asset Certificate. In this regard, rules/regulations framed by the respective Municipality/Panchayat shall be taken into account.
Question-8. What is the difference between residential flat and residential plot ?
Answer: For the purpose of reservation in the category of EWS, the term 'Plot' connotes an independent identity, whereas the term 'flat' connotes a number of residential units/dwelling units built on the same plot.
Question-9: If a person has residential flat/plot on agricultural land will that be treated as agricultural land or residential flat/plot ?
Answer: Built up area of the flat and the covered area plus the area left uncovered of the plot (as per rules of Municipality/Panchayats) will be treated as residential area and additional land beyond residential flat / plot, being used for agricultural purpose, may be treated as agricultural land. This will be specifically for the purpose of determination of EWS status and not for any other purpose.
Question-10. In case of residential flat, whether super area (including common area viz, stair case, gardens, roads within the society, as distributed among the flats) or total area of the flat (including brick/pillar area) or carpet area (excluding brick and pillar area) is to be taken into account for computation of the measurement of the flat ?
Answer: Total built up area of the residential unit/flat, including brick/pillar area (excluding staircase area and common area), is to be taken into account for computation of measurement of the flat.
Question-11. Migrants belonging to Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribe(STs), Other Backward Castes(OBCs) in other State where they do not belong to SC, ST and OBC, then in that case, can they apply for EWS reservation?
Answer: As per Para 2 of DoPT O.M. No. 36039/1/2019-Estt.(Res.), dated 31.01.2019, the persons belonging to EWSs who, are not covered under the scheme of reservation for SCs, STs and OBCs shall get 10% reservation in direct recruitment in civil posts and services in the Government of India. Applicants belonging to SC, ST or OBC included in the Central List residing in any of the States/UTs are not eligible for EWS reservation in respect of posts/services of the Government of India.
Question-12. If a person belongs to Other Backward Classes (OBCs) in a State list but not in Central List, can he apply for Income and Asset Certificate?
Answer:Para 2 of annexure-I to O.M., dated 31.01.2019, regarding Income & Asset Certificate reads as under:
"Shri/Smt./Kumari _______ belongs to the ________ caste which is not recognized as a Scheduled Caste, Scheduled Tribe and Other Backward Classes (Central List) .....".
Therefore, if a person belongs to OBC in a State list but not in Central List, he/she can apply for Income and Asset Certificate for applying to posts and services of the Government of India to avail of EWS reservation subject to fulfilling other conditions, as mentioned in said OM, dated 31.1.2019.
Question-13. How can the unfilled vacancies of EWS be filled in a recruitment year in case of non-availability of suitabie candidates belonging to EWS ?
Answer: As per Para 6.3 of DoPT OM No. 36039/1/2019-Estt.(Res.), dated 31.1.2019, where in any recruitment year any vacancy earmarked for EWS cannot be filled up due to non availability of a suitable candidate belonging to EWS, such vacancies for that particular recruitment year shall not be carried forward to the next recruitment year as backlog. A further attempt in the same recruitment year to fill the EWS vacancy is desirable. Thereafter, the unfilled vacancies may be filled up, treating them as unreserved provided it does not result in excess representation in general category beyond the number added on account of non-availability of EWS candidate. If it results in excess representations, it may be diverted to the category in which shortfall exists.
Question-14. Whether EWS reservation is to be calculated on total number of vacancies of cadre strength or current year vacancies.
Answer: EWS reservation should be calculated in accordance with reservation roster as provided in Annexure - II to V of DoPT OM, dated 31.1.2019. EWS reservation is effective in respect of all direct recruitment vacancies to be notified on or after 01.02.2019. Every Government establishment shall recast group-wise post-based reservation roster register for direct recruitment, in accordance with format given in Annexure II, III, IV and V of DoPT OM, dated 31.1.2019, as the case may be, for effecting 10% reservation for EWSs interpolating them with the SCs, STs and OBCs. Thereafter, they can see the point which was vacated in the Post Based Roster. The vacancies will, accordingly, go to respective categories. Current vacancies are to be taken into account to distribute vacancies amongst different categories.
Question-15. Whether money earned through Providend Fund, Gratuity or other pensionary benefits in a particular financial year at the time of retirement will be counted as family income ?
Answer: As per Para 4.1 of DoPT O.M. No. 36039/1/2019-Estt.(Res.), dated 31.01.2019, apart from asset holding test, persons whose family has gross annual income below Rs 8.00 lakh (Rupees eight lakh only) are to be identified as EWSs for benefit of reservation. Income for the purpose shall include income from all sources i.e. salary, agriculture, business, profession, etc. for the financial year prior to the year of application. The income for this purpose will be gross income taken into account for the purpose of Income Tax.
Question-16. Will monthly pension/family pension be counted for family income?
Answer: Yes.
Question-17. Gross salary is Rs.10 Lakh but as per income tax return total income comes out to Rs.6 Lakh. In that case, can a candidate apply for Income and Asset certificate?
Answer:It is always gross salary/gross income.
Question-18. Can Competent Authorities of different States and Union Territories issue Income and Asset Certificate in different formats?
Answer: No. Prescribed format for Income & Asset Certificate for applying to posts and services under the Government of India has been prescribed vide Annexure-I of DoPT O.M. No. 36039/1/2019-Estt.(Res.-II),dated 31.01.2019. Hence, it cannot be different for different States/UTs for the purpose of employment under the Central Government.
Question-19. Whether Anchal Adhikari or Naib-Tehsildar is a competent Authority to issue a EWS certificate?
Answer: Anchal Adhikari of any State/UT can issue Income and Asset Certificate, if he/she is not below the rank of Tehsildar or any other equivalent officer(s) as mentioned in Para 5.1 of DoPT OM, dated 31.1.2019, and as notified by the respective State/UT. If the Anchal Adhikari/Naib Tehsildar is below the rank of Tehsildar, they shall not issue Income & Asset Certificate.
Question-20. In case Income and Asset certificate comes out to be a fake/false at a later stage, what will be the next course of action to be followed by the Appointing Authority ?
Answer: Para 5.4 DoPT OM, dated 31.01.2019 provides that the appointing authorities should, in the offer of appointment to the candidates, claiming to be belonging to EWS, include the following clause :-
"The appointment is provisional and is subject to the Income and asset certificate being verified through the proper channels and if the verification reveals that the claim to belong to EWS is fake/false the services will be terminated forthwith without assigning any further reasons and without prejudice to such further action as may be taken under the provisions of the Indian Penal Code for production of fake/false certificate.
The appointing authority should verify the veracity of the Income and asset certificate submitted by the candidate through the certificate issuing authority."
If the Income & Asset Certificate is found to be fake, the services of the temporarily appointed person shall be done away with.
Question-21. Crucial date for Income & Asset certificate?
Answer: Para 5.3 DoPT OM, dated 31.01.2019, provides that the crucial date for submitting income and asset certificate by the candidate may be treated as the closing date for receipt of application for the post, except in cases where crucial date is fixed otherwise. The crucial date for submission of Income & Asset Certificate (Cutoff date) shall be clearly mentioned in the advertisement published by the recruiting agencies. Income & Asset Certificates issued subsequent to the crucial date and for the later Financial Year shall be treated as major discrepancies. In this regard, the order, dated 18.05.2020 passed by the Hon’ble Supreme Court in SLP(C) No. 426/2021 titled UPSC vs Gaurav Singh & Ors, may be referred to.
Question-22. Requirement of seal/stamp of name and designation of Income & Asset certificate issuing authority of State/UT.
Answer: The authorized certificate issuing authorities in the States/UTs should invariably affix the seal/stamp properly displaying their name and designation on the space earmarked for the purpose in the Income and Asset Certificate (Annexure-I of DoPT OM, dated 31.01.2019
Question-23. What if the earmarked space of “Valid for the year______” below the certificate no. and date is left blank?
Answer: As per Para 4.1 of DoPT OM No. 36039/1/2019-Estt.(Res.), dated 31.01.2019, Family Gross Annual Income shall be computed for the financial year prior to the year of application. Therefore, if the closing date for receipt of application for a post is 1st August, 2022, the financial year for computing gross annual income of the family shall be 2021-2022 and the certificate shall be valid for 2022-2023. If it is left blank but the income and assets have been calculated for the correct financial year and also indicated in the body of the Income & Asset Certificate, it may be referred back to the certificate issuing authority for confirmation and filling up the validity year in the space earmarked for it. However, neither financial year nor validity year is mentioned in the certificate, it will be treated as a major discrepancies and may invite rejection.
Question-24. What are notified municipalities'' and areas falling in 'other than the notified municipalities'?
Answer: Notified Municipalities means the area under the respective Municipalities, as notified by the respective States/UTs. If any area has not been notified, it will come under the category of the area ‘other than the notified municipalities’.
Question-25. Whether in case of applicants(s) not living with parents or separated by parents, property or income of parents shall be taken into account for computation of family income ?
Answer: As per Para 4.3 of DoPT O.M. No. 36039/1/2019-Estt.(Res.), dated 31.01.2019, The term "Family" for this purpose will include the person who seeks benefit of reservation, his/her parents and siblings below the age of 18 years as also his/her spouse and children below the age of 18 years. Therefore, no other definition of Family will be allowed. To make it clear, it is stated that whether the children are not living with parents or separated from parents, property/income of parents shall be taken into account for computation of family income.
Question-26. Whether siblings/children of 18 years or above will be counted under the definition of family for EWS reservation?
Answer: No. As per the Para 4.3 of O.M. of DoPT, dated 31.01.2019, the term "Family" will include the person who seeks benefit of reservation, his/her parents and siblings below the age of 18 years, as also his/her spouse and children below the age of 18 years. Therefore, siblings/children of 18 years and above will not be counted under the definition of "Family" for applying to Income and Asset Certificate.
Question-27. What is the maximum time limit to issue the Asset and Income Certificate for EWS after submitting the application?
Answer: The Officer who issues the certificate would do the same after carefully verifying all relevant documents following due process, as prescribed by the respective State/UT and, accordingly, time limit for issuing Income and Asset Certificate is to be decided by the respective State/UT. However, the time limit should be fixed in such a way that it does not harm the interest of the applicants.
Question-28. Whether the benefit of age relaxation and relaxation in number of attempts available to EWS candidates?
Answer: No. The conditions prescribed for General category candidates in matters of Age and Number of attempts, would also apply to EWS candidates.
